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Friday, August 28, 2020
Critical Events in 1968
Basic Events in 1968 1968 is portrayed by students of history as a ââ¬Å"watershed year.â⬠This is a result of the major socio-political occasions that occurred during this year in both Europe and the United States. An excellent number of lives were lost and blameless carnage during this year in the United States. This paper researches the occasions that made the year 1968, be portrayed by history specialists as the ââ¬Å"watershed year.â⬠Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Critical Events in 1968 explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More As expressed over, the major chronicled occasions that occurred in the year 1968 were touched off by the socio-political turmoil that was winning at that point. The United States government had included itself in the Vietnam War and there were an extraordinary number of individuals who were against the choice. This is on the grounds that United States troops were being executed in expanding numbers in the war and the administ ration had acquainted a strategy with power little fellows to do battle after school to supplant the soldiers. This was one of the primary reasons why there were fights in the United States in this year (Trebay, 2004, p. 1). The fights were mostly led by understudies who were against doing battle after school. These fights were countered by outfitted police who slaughtered various blameless understudies. In spite of the fact that we had several exercises to gain from these rates of fights and honest passings, it is lamentable that honest individuals needed to kick the bucket. Somewhere else in Germany, the understudies were not abandoned (Fink, 1998, p. 51). They additionally fought the Vietnam War and stretched out their fights to dismiss their legislature. After assault by the police, the German understudies organized more fights against their administration which prompted the conclusion of colleges in the nation. In Britain, understudies likewise arranged fights against the war a nd furthermore against a discourse made by a British government official about migration. During that year, 1968, ladies in the United States started fights planned for getting indistinguishable rights from men. This additional to the previously existing fighting masses of understudies in the boulevards. In any case, there were some positive things that occurred during this year like the space travelers who orbited the moon during the year (Fink, 1998, p. P. 43). Moreover, there was financial and political change achieved by significant deaths that were completed in the year. Robert Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr. were both executed in this year. Kennedy was killed in California after the declaration of his success of the essential of the state. The success, which meant that he would be the president, caused the assassination.Advertising Looking for paper on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Among the political c hanges that occurred following RFKââ¬â¢s passing was the designation of Richard Nixon by the Republicans who in the end won the decisions to turn into the leader of the United States. Martin Luther was killed in Memphis after he was associated with exchanges intended to strike an arrangement among representatives and the board of sanitation laborers who had taken to the streets (Trebay, 2004, p. 1). The passing of Martin Luther King Jr. additionally prompted various fights. As confirm in this conversation, the year 1968 was loaded up with fights started by various issues. These fights prompted various blameless passings which caused the year to enter in history books as one of the most turbulent years throughout the entire existence of the United States and Europe. Albeit a large portion of the occasions that occurred in 1968 are unfortunate, we ought to be cheerful that they occurred since they showed us numerous significant exercises. List of sources Fink, Carole. (1998). 1968: The World Transformed. California. Barnes Noble. Trebay, Guy. (2004). Thoughts Trends; 1968: That was the year that was. The New York Times.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
The eNotes Blog Are You Right or LeftBrained
Are You Right or LeftBrained Ok, the mystery life of the human mind. Its difficult to envision that something that exists within every one of us, that oversees all our wakings second (and each dozing second so far as that is concerned), can be unreasonably mind boggling for us to totally understandmore secretive than the profundities of the most profound sea. In only one second, for example, our cerebrums can frame one million new associations. One million. To stay aware of everything your mind does, well, youd need another cerebrum. One part of the mind that has consistently confused me is the idea of the left versus right cerebrum. There is a steady thought that the world is partitioned into left-brained and right-brained peoplethe previous hooking onto rationale and investigative reasoning, the last comprised of relaxed, sincerely instinctive sorts. For the duration of our lives, a considerable lot of us indicate to be it is possible that one or the otheran personality that is fashioned and authorized in school. Understudies capable in Math and Science will embrace the possibility that they are left-brainers, while those generally talented in Arts will distinguish themselves as right-brainers. Be that as it may, if youre not certain yet with respect to whether you are correct or left brained, well, theres an infographic for that: Its fascinating how this infographic attaches in to data that is as of now very ordinary. The thought, for instance, that left-gave individuals have more noteworthy inventiveness (given the way that the correct side of the mind controls the left half of the body). I had thought this thought was just an old-spouses story. It turns out, this is just somewhat the case Right-Brain, Left-Brain Theory was really framed because of neuropsychologist Roger W. Sperrys work with epileptic patients. His treatment for epilepsy included cutting off the corpus collosum (the film that isolates the parts of the cerebrum). This successfully decreased a patients number of seizures, however radically influenced different parts of their lives: Many split-cerebrum patients got themselves unfit to name protests that were prepared by the correct side of the mind, yet had the option to name questions that were handled by the left-half of the cerebrum. In light of this data, Sperry proposed that language was constrained by the left-half of the cerebrum. (Source) Along these lines, the facts demonstrate that each side of the mind is better ready to deal with specific assignments. It is just the hypothesis itself that is over-summed up when discussing people. While the correct mind might be more qualified to communicating and understanding feelings, perceiving appearances, and inventiveness, and the left may concentrate more on language, rationale, and numbers, it is actually how the parts of your cerebrum work as one that makes up the kind of student and mastermind that you are. All Mathies are not so much left-brained, and every single inventive sort are not totally right-brainedsomething that may cause you to feel better when you discover, as I did, that your clearly prevailing side doesnt depict what you believe you are genuinely best at. (Numbers? Who, me) That being stated, there is some utilization for strength hypothesis in curating great examination propensities. Understanding your qualities and shortcomings in specific territories can assist you with growing better approaches to learn and contemplate. For instance, understudies who make some troublesome memories adhering to verbal guidelines (frequently refered to as a right-cerebrum trademark) can profit by recording bearings and growing better authoritative abilities. Specifically, I can review a mental helper that functioned admirably for me right back when I was getting ready for my AP Psychology exama rhyme basing on numbers that helped me to remember Eriksons eight phases of advancement. Possibly I have consistently been numbers-situated all things considered? In this way, in the wake of distinguishing from the realistic above whether you are à left or right brained, here are a few hints to assist you with learning and study most effectively: Left Brain Dominant: Plan for the day will function admirably for you, and youre likely effectively a specialist at them! You may find that youre progressively inclined toward true to life perusing You presumably work preferable alone over in a gathering. In the event that you should be in a gathering, volunteer as pioneer Exploit your authoritative abilities in taking notes and planning Drive yourself to face challenges! They can pay off Right Brain Dominant: Youll exceed expectations in articles, more so than on accurate, T/F-type questions You likely dont consistently read bearings carefullymake that a need Use pictures and outlines in your investigations Utilize your creative mind and imagination to its fullest on all ventures Arrange your musings by getting them down on paper Is it accurate to say that you are left cerebrum or right mind predominant? Step through the examination to discover! What's more, on the off chance that you have any examination tips to help other people with your learning type, marry love to hear them in a remark!
Friday, August 21, 2020
Application of Communication Theory to Nursing Essay
Use of Communication Theory to Nursing - Essay Example Correspondence is one of the significant resources that make people learned. Educated as the quantity of ways people cooperate are significantly more better than some other living beingââ¬â¢s strategies to impart. Types of correspondence may incorporate message move through voice, letters, messages, communication via gestures and so on). (Haslett, 1987) Communication was available right from the hour of manââ¬â¢s human progress anyway what changed are the techniques where the procedure is completed. Increasingly compelling types of communicating are advancing with understanding so the correspondence as such gets productive. Contrasting and the pre memorable occasions, unquestionably the pace at which data is traded has enormously changed. The approach of science and innovation hugy affected the manner in which correspondence forms are completed. Today sitting in the remote corner of the room at any piece of the world we can pass on our data and do correspondence whenever anypla ce through telephonic calls, messages and so forth. (Barker, 2002) Now-a-days the software engineering unrest had carried significant redesigns to the customary frameworks of putting calls by presenting video gathering that permits voice just as the genuine picture to be transmitted as message that clearly overhauls the degree of correspondence. Cell phones and other cell gadgets have made the world exceptionally little, that it can fit in our pockets. Coming to individual angles and significance of correspondence, the fundamental reason for correspondence is for relationship and fulfilling needs. Each individual needs to be heard, acknowledged and furthermore shares his musings and sentiments. It is the trading of musings and emotions starting with one individual then onto the next that decides the effectiveness of correspondence. Getting into the foundations of correspondence, it essentially has three measurements to be specific. (Barker, 2002) As appeared in the figure, the correspondence may
Tuesday, May 26, 2020
Whats Actually Happening with Online Term Paper Writing
What's Actually Happening with Online Term Paper Writing The latter largely is based on the sort of the purchase and the urgency. The number of assignments allows you to earn an affordable selection and make sure of the timely delivery we provide on a daily basis. So it's apparently inefficient if you will need to type Korean on a standard basis. One of the chief strengths is it prevents the few people who think they better the rest from dictating society. If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on Online Term Paper Writing Custom writing services can provide you with. If you would like to find the skilled support of specialists, then get in contact with us. Should you need any help, don't be afraid to stop by Paperwritings.com. From the many companies offering online writing help, you should decide on a trustworthy one. If you're a newcomer to using the online college writing services, you can rely on my reviews to aid you in creating the best decision. After you have all of the required info, you should enter in each individual detail in the right fields. Some students are worried about the originality of papers they buy online, while some fret about their privacy or high rates. Though many students need academic assistance, not all of these ask for it. Online Term Paper Writing Can Be Fun for Everyone Our on-line paper writing service provides you an obvious solution! Oftentimes, it is significantly more advisable to use term paper writing services. An expert paper writing service will deal mainly on a number of the aspects that might be aimed to be certain that the paper communicates efficiently. Our on-line term paper writing services is about you. If you prefer to acquire a finished paper for a reasonable price, you're in the region you are going to need! As a result, if you prefer to get affordable term papers almost immediately, place a purchase. Editing term papers is yet another exceptional editing gig. College term papers are a great deal more complex than a normal school essay. What Has to be Done About Online Term Paper Writing Before It's Too Late On-line term paper writing has turned into a trend nowadays and a lot of students use it in order to cope with arduous coursework and relieve stress. Nowadays there are lots of online writing companies which may help you with your paper however urgent or complicated it is. You're not the first who's searching for the best paper writing companies. It's possible for you to stay in contact with the assigned expert and track the practice of writing. You see, we are the premier on-line custom made essay and paper writing service on the internet, and we've got an immense group of magic wand holders, from whom you can purchase online term paper writing at any moment. If you are in need of a paper crafted by native English speaking writers, you're in the proper location. As a way to produce good topics, the author should concentrate on a few of the aspects that are intended to be sure that the paper is intriguing to read. Term paper writer is not just profession, it's calling! Online Term Paper Writing Can Be Fun for Everyone There's no need to devote your money in case you don't need to. What you should do is to fill out the purchase form, make a payment, and in two or three minutes, you will receive your own personal essay helper. If this is the case, you are at the most suitable spot. There are in reality several free ones available on the internet and most, if not all them, are pretty user friendly. What the In-Crowd Won 't Tell You About Online Term Paper Writing You outsource all of the fulfillment and just make a cool on-line shop, write great content concerning the products and deal with the marketing. When you take up professional services, it is necessary to look for the very best company. Our organization is proud of the opportunity to help you in passing the exams and completing the difficult, and not so much, tasks! It guarantees you will be satisfied or we will refund your money.
Friday, May 15, 2020
Young Goodman Brown - 882 Words
Literary Analysis of Young Goodman Brown Many aspects of human nature have changed over the centuries, but one thing that people have in common is the temptation of evil. From Adam and Eve eating fruit from the forbidden tree in the Garden of Eden to the Iraqi hijackers who flew two airplanes into the World Trade Centers on September 11, 2001 killing thousands of innocent people, evil has always been a part of this world. In an effort to portray the corruption of the Salem witch trials, Nathaniel Hawthorne uses his short story ââ¬Å"Young Goodman Brownâ⬠to exemplify how when people lose faith they thrive in destruction. He uses symbolism throughout the work to show how the protagonist, Young Goodman Brown, transforms from being an innocent,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Telling Faith to sleep before nighttime is Goodman Brown foreshadowing his and her fate of following the devil. Furthermore, Hawthorne uses not only surface view symbolism throughout the story but underlying symbolism in the charactersââ¬â¢ names and colors as well. One literary analysis by Paul L ? suggests that each word in the name Young Goodman Brown symbolizes part of the protagonistââ¬â¢s character. Just as young children do not completely understand their faith or have the strength to resist evil, Young Goodman Brown proves he also does not have structure to his faith as he walks aimlessly into the forest and into sin. At the beginning of the work Young Goodman Brown is portrayed as an innocent man with good intentions who loves his wife, and by the end of the work his attitude has turned to gloom and evil like the brown murky color of sin. Also the color pink on Faithââ¬â¢s ribbons is symbolic of her character. Pink is seen as an innocent color that young girls wear that is obtained by mixing the colors white and red. In the beginning of the work Faith is pure and innocent sym bolizing the white but later as she participates in the gathering led by the devil in the forest symbolizes the fury and sin the red brings out inShow MoreRelatedYoung Goodman Brown1144 Words à |à 5 PagesIn this extract from ââ¬Å"Young Goodman Brownâ⬠, Nathaniel Hawthorne uses symbolism, imagery and point of view to depict Goodman Brownââ¬â¢s eventual journey from naivety in manââ¬â¢s purity of faith to recognition of manââ¬â¢s disposition to evil. It reveals Brownââ¬â¢s misplaced faith in man, who is deficient, instead of God. In the dialogue that ensues between the minister and Deacon Gookin, we learn of an impending meeting expecting participants hailing from ââ¬Å"Falmouth and beyond... Indian powowsâ⬠(HawthorneRead More Young Goodman Brown Essay1048 Words à |à 5 Pages The main theme of the Nathaniel Hawthorneââ¬â¢s, ââ¬Å" Young Goodman Brown,â⬠is the struggle between Goodman Brownââ¬â¢s faith, power to resist his own evil impulses and his own doubts within him. It is a story of Young Goodman Brownââ¬â¢s personal conflict over his inner desires and its greater meaning conflict between good and evil in the world. The characteristics of Young Goodman Brown are similar to the life of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Nathaniel Hawthorne had his own doubts about his own Puritan life and beliefsRead MoreEssay on Young Goodman Brown769 Words à |à 4 Pagesmain focus of the story ââ¬Å"Young Goodman Brownâ⬠by Nathaniel Hawthorne is the triumph of evil over good. A supposedly good man is tempted by evil and allows himself to be converted into a man of evil. This is much like the situation that arises in Hawthorneââ¬â¢s The Scarlet Letter, where two people are tempted to sin and give in thus submitting themselves to the power of the devil. In this novel, the area where the devil resides is strictly parallel to that in ââ¬Å"Young Goodman Brownâ⬠. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;AsRead Moreyoung goodman brown Essay1058 Words à |à 5 Pagesthe benefit of the afflictedâ⬠(5-6) and Young Goodman Brown, a fictional character created by Nathaniel Hawthorne, was written because a few male puritans wanted to publish a story to open up societies eyes and live in a more patriarchal society. Regardless of being a fictional character or a nonfiction, we get presented evidence in which both individuals experience problems that at the time the puritan society could relate too. While both Young Goodman Brown and Mary Rowlandson enter the forestRead MoreYoung Goodman Brown and the Lottery640 Words à |à 3 PagesYoung Goodman Brown and the Lottery Symbolism Use In: Young Goodman Brown and The Lottery The authors, Shirley Jackson and Nathaniel Hawthorne, both frequently use symbols within their stories The Lottery and Young Goodman Brown. Symbols are utilized as an enhancement tool to stress the theme of each story. Hawthorne uses names and objects to enhance the theme, and Jackson mainly utilizes names to stress the theme, although she does have one object as a symbol of great importance to the themeRead MoreYoung Goodman Brown Analysis876 Words à |à 4 PagesHawthorneââ¬â¢s story, ââ¬Å"Young Goodman Brown,â⬠appears to be a story about original sin with a lot of symbolism tied in to make it an allegory. An allegory is a story that can be interpreted in different ways to find the hidden meaning behind the symbolism in the story. The three thing s focused on throughout the short story is Faith, the forest that Goodman Brown takes his journey through, and the staff, which the old man who leads Goodman Brown on his way carries. The short story, ââ¬Å"Young Goodman Brown,â⬠uses severalRead MoreSummary Of Young Goodman Brown 1278 Words à |à 6 PagesCharles F. Harris Kevin R. Martin ENG 102 T April 16, 2015 Young Goodman Brown Most people think that the majority of people walking the face of the earth are morally good with a few bad apples here and there. In the short story Young Goodman Brown, Nathaniel Hawthorne uses setting, characters, and plot to show how everyone can be drawn out of their usual character when they are governed by their evil desires. In this story, Hawthorne uses setting to show how people that commit evil will try andRead MoreYoung Goodman Brown Essay931 Words à |à 4 PagesYoung Goodman Brown: Good versus Evil Throughout Young Goodman Brown and other works of Nathaniel Hawthorne, the themes of sin and guilt constantly reoccur. Like many authors, Hawthorne used events in his life as a basis for the stories that he wrote. Hawthorne felt that ones guilt does not die with him/her but is rather passed down through the generations. Hawthornes great-great uncle was one of the judges during the Salem witchcraft trials. Hawthorne felt a great sense of guilt because ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Young Goodman Brown 1285 Words à |à 6 PagesPerceià ½ed through the archetypal lens, the short story, Young Goodman Brown, by Nathaniel Hawthorne asserts the unià ½ersal idea that eà ½il lurks within eà ½ery man. Taken as a whole, the work conà ½eys that humanity can easily fall à ½ictim to innate selfish instincts as well as societyââ¬â¢s damaging influences. The main character, Young Goodman Brown, treks on a journey that challenges him to uphold his innocence and his belief in a decent mankind as h e discoà ½ers corruption in people. The allegoryââ¬âa storyRead MoreYoung Goodman Brown Essay1291 Words à |à 6 PagesYoung Goodman Brown Goodman Browns actions in the story, Young Goodman Brown, are a key element to this storys theme. The author uses Goodman Browns movement in and out of the forest, as a method of symbolizing the theme of a symbolic journey into the depths of consciousness. As the hours of the night pass, Goodman Brown travels farther into the forest, and deeper into the depths of consciousness. This theme is present in many passages of the text. The story begins with the line, Young
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Financial Accounting Essay - 1139 Words
Financial accounting is one kind of accounting different from the management accounting in the accounting system. As management accounting is for ââ¬Å"internalâ⬠whereas financial accounting is for ââ¬Å"externalâ⬠. The following is a detailed explanation and analysis of the major objective and role of financial accounting. The purpose of financial accounting is to measure the performance of the entity and therefore provides the financial information to different stakeholders. Stakeholders will have their decision - making according to the financial report issued. James, Arthur and Robert(1978) have stated that: ââ¬Å"Most decisions are made on the basis of summary-type reports rather than firsthand information.â⬠A comprehensively summarizedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Moreover, if the current ratio is too low, it shows that the corporation may have financial difficulty. Moreover, there are also some of the other external users. Their need to receive financial information is not immediate, but also important. As the regulatory body, government is responsible for monitoring different companies so as to maintain the financial stability. More than that, the listed companies which issue their shock publicly usually need to report their activities to the government. The community can distinguish whether the companyââ¬â¢s finance is steady through financial report and therefore the communityââ¬â¢s feelings can directly influence the image of the company. The employee can use information to know the possibility of bankruptcy of their company to decide whether they should leave the company to prevent the wages. Suppliers may pay attention to the cash flow of the buyers so that they can decide whether provide the trade credit to it. In fact, financial accounting provides a great deal of assistance in efficient resources allocation. It can be explain in ââ¬Å"externalâ⬠and ââ¬Å"internalâ⬠. ââ¬Å"Externalâ⬠means social resources allocation. The effective use of social resources is from entrepreneur and market, but not the government. Companies can use financial statement to induct capital to a correct direction because users will use financial information for the best investment to maximize their benefits. It helps to avoid the loss of resources in theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Financial Accounting Textbook Solution11168 Words à |à 45 PagesCHAPTER 1 Financial Accounting and Accounting Standards ASSIGNMENT CLASSIFICATION TABLE | | | | |Topics |Questions |Cases | |1. |Subject matter of accounting. |1 |1 Read MoreThe Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Essay939 Words à |à 4 PagesTo help accounting professionals easily navigate through 50-plus years of unorganized US generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and standards the Trustees of the Financial Accounting Foundation approved the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (Codification.) By codifying authoritative US GAAP, FASB will provide users with real-time and accurate information in one location. Concurrently, FASB developed the FASB Codification Research System; a web-basedRead MoreEssay on Financial Accounting1505 Words à |à 7 PagesThe accounting system we use today started in Venice in renaissance period over 520 years ago. The trade business increased hugely during this time and all the financial recordings had to be written down to help people see how their business is doing. During that time in 1494 the first book about was published in accounting by Luca Paciolli and was called ââ¬Å"The Collected Knowledge of Arithmetic, Geometry, Proportion and Proportionalityâ⬠. He was called ââ¬Å"The father of Accountingâ⬠and most of his describedRead MoreEssay on Financial Accounting1019 Words à |à 5 PagesFinancial Accounting Financial accounting or ââ¬Ëbook-keepingââ¬â¢ is the process of recording financial transactions from the day-to-day operation of a business. The sale of goods to a customer and the subsequent settlement of the debt are two examples of financial transactions. Sales Accounting When credit sales are made to customers, a record needs to be kept of amounts owing and paid. Payment is normally requested with an invoice. An invoice usually gives details of goods supplied, quantitiesRead Morefinancial Accounting Essay1230 Words à |à 5 Pagesobtain funding, you need to convince a lender / investor that your business is more than a hobby. You need to demonstrate that you have a firm grasp of your business, the accounting practices that impact your business, the controls needed to safeguard assets, and which accounting system will produce accurate and relevant financial information. Write a six to eight (6-8) page business plan in which you: 1. Describe the type of business you have created including: a. The product or service, and generalRead MoreFinancial Accounting Essay924 Words à |à 4 PagesFinancial Accounting Companies operate to achieve varies goals. They may be interested in providing a healthy work environment for their employees, in reaching a high level of control, or making contributions to civic and social organization and activities. However, to meet these goals, a company must first achieve its two primary objectives: earning a satisfactory profit and remaining solvent. If a company failed to meet either of these objectives, it will not be ableRead MoreFinancial Accounting Essay9769 Words à |à 40 Pages4 DuPont Analysis 24 5. Valuation 26 6. Other information of OrotonGroup 28 6.1 Continuous disclosure 28 6.2 Corporate governance 28 6.3 Media comments 29 7. Investment Recommendation 30 8. Appendix 32 1. Introduction This is a financial analysis report of the target company OrotonGroup Limited (ORL). Through comparing of a competitor company Country Road (CTY), the report will offer an explicit view to help inventors on decision of investment in ORL. The target company ORL isRead MoreAccounting and Financial Statements Essay example1585 Words à |à 7 PagesIn this essay I am going to explain and identify external users of accounting information and give detail on the main characteristics and how these characteristics and the conceptual framework develop the benefits of financial statements for external users. Financial accounting includes information distributed to external users that are not part of the enterprise, e.g. stockholders, creditors, customers and suppliers, although the information is also of interest to the companys officers and managersRead MoreManagerial Accounting vs Financial Accounting Essay761 Words à |à 4 PagesManagerial and Financial Accounting ACCT/300: Principles of Accounting April 9, 2008 Managerial and Financial Accounting This paper will attempt to differentiate between managerial and financial accounting, the users of managerial and financial accounting and what type of business decisions would be made with the information. Managerial Accounting Managerial accounting provides accounting information to managers who are inside an organization and who directs and controls its operationsRead MoreEssay on Financial Accounting Theory1727 Words à |à 7 Pagesfair value accounting. Fair value accounting is to measure selected assets at fair value. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The objective of fair value accounting is linked with the objective of ââ¬Ëdecision usefulnessââ¬â¢ of general purpose financial reporting. That is, to provide relevant information that is representationally faithful for users. IASBââ¬â¢s (and FASBââ¬â¢s) accounting standard
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Racism free essay sample
I found myself thinking sociologically when I realized that equality in Canada is less practiced as what the Canadian Constitution Act of 1982 claims. In this constitution, it is stated that every individual should be treated equally regardless of their race, ethnicity, colour, religion, sex, age, and any disability; however, in reality, individuals experience inequality in the form of racism throughout the Canadian society. For instance, a few months ago, a black male was asked to leave the St. Laurent shopping centre by the mall securities as the position of his pants were viewed as not family-friendly but this type of fashion is normal for teenagers who are influenced by the hip-hop culture. As the man did not want to cause any trouble, he obeyed the securities but as he was escorted, the securities used unnecessary forces which caused scars and bruises to the individual. Furthermore, the black male was arrested and detained for 3 hours, then fined $65 by the Ottawa Police, and banned from the mall for 5 years. One witness stated that this was a case of racial profiling as she saw that the mall securities had no reason to assault the individual. Although many deny the existence of racism in the Canadian society, this type of inequality still largely exists. To further analyze this topic, articles written by various scholars on racial profiling in the criminal justice system and racism in the workplace in Canada will be compared and contrasted. Moreover, various sociological concepts learned from the class will be applied to explain racism. In addition, the Symbolic interactionist and Conflict perspectives will be compared and contrasted to have a better understanding of racism. Racism has been a long-standing problem that various individuals face in the Canadian society throughout the history. Particularly, racism has been an issue observed in the workplace. In the article ââ¬Å"Organizing Against Racism in the Workplace: Chinese Workers in Vancouver Before the Second World Warâ⬠, the author, Gillian Creese, argues that before the Second World War, Chinese workers experienced working condition that were worse than non-Asian workers. The author describes this condition as Asians were restricted to the least desirable jobs; they often worked longer hours, under worse conditions, had less job security and always received lower pay than white workers (Creese, 1987: 44). This created social stratification, an ethnic hierarchy due to disparity in economics resources and political rights. Karl Marxââ¬â¢s theory would view the Chinese as the proletariat, the working class, while Canadians would be the bourgeois, the capitalist class. As Chinese workers were mainly immigrants, their only way of earning income was to sell labour as a commodity whereas Canadians own and control the means of production. As Karl Marx predicted, a class conflict occurred between the two social class on which the Chinese workers engaged in labour protest to improve the equality rights in Canada, specifically in the workplace. However, these equality rights were not achieved during this period. The author concludes that although Chinese individuals were not extensively present in that time of history, they were present in the working class confrontation in British Columbia. After a few decades, racism is still greatly present in the workplace in Canada. In the article ââ¬Å"Anti-Black Racism in Nursing in Ontarioâ⬠, the author, Tania Das Gupta, argues that nursesââ¬â¢ experiences of racism were organized by the systematic management of practice of the institution they belong to. In 1990, seven Black nurses and one Filipino nurse from the hospital reported complaints with the Ontario Human Rights Commission due to racial harassment on which some cases they had been fired or forced to resign as a way of diminishing the count of Non-Canadian nurses. The author also indicates that ââ¬Å"Historically, nurses of colour have been excluded from better paid, secure, more desirable jobs through systematic practices in the labour market and in other related institutions, such as educational system and the immigration system (Gupta ,1996: 99). Moreover, in 1940s, Canadian ââ¬âborn, black students were not admitted in Canadian nursing schools because of the idea that Canadian hospitals would not hire them. Thus, the author concludes that Black nurses face racism today because of the historical exclusion and segmentation in the labour market. The authors, Gillian Creese and Tania Das Gupta, both demonstrate that equality is less pronounced than the Canadian Constitution Act of 1982 states. Although these two articles were written on different time periods in history, both articles display racism in the Canadian society, specifically at a workplace. Creese focuses on the experiences of Chinese workers whereas Gupta investigates the experiences of Black nurses. However, Creeses description of racism is more extreme than Guptas, which could indicate that there has been an improvement in equality in Canada. Regardless, these articles prove that there is a difference between the promise made by the constitution and reality. Canada is known as a multicultural nation and is praise internationally for its immigration policy. However, there has been an issue of racial profiling in the criminal justice system. The article ââ¬Å"The Usual Suspects: Police Stop and Search Practices in Canadaâ⬠by Scot Wortley and Akwasi Owusu-Bempah, explores the existence of racial profiling. The authors argue that racial discrimination has existed throughout the Canadian society, predominantly with respect to the criminal justice system. Due to the restricted access to the official data of race stopped and searched by the police, the research was conducted with the use of qualitative data analysis. Respondents with the racial background of black, Chinese and white from Metropolitan Toronto were surveyed. The result indicates that black males are more likely to be stop and search by the Police. In addition, more black respondents indicated that they have close friends and family member who have experienced racial profiling. Various scholars argued that racial profiling is due to a systematic process of racialization, the classification of people into groups according to their skin colour or physical features. In the United States, young black males were perceived as ââ¬Å"symbolic assailantsâ⬠, which creates a tendency for police to stop and search young black males (Wortley Owusu-Bempah, 2011:402). The result of the survey demonstrates that the same racialization occurs in the Canadian police environment. Thus, the authors conclude that due to the stereotypes associated with black racial origin, this particular race is more likely to attract policeââ¬â¢s attention that could contribute to the policeââ¬â¢s decision to stop and search the individual. On October 2002, the Toronto Star began publicizing articles that state ââ¬Å"black Torontonians are highly over-represented in certain charge categories ââ¬â including drug possessionâ⬠which lead to the controversial issue of racial profiling (Wortley Tanner, page 367; 2003). In the article ââ¬Å"Data, Denials, and Confusion: The Racial Profiling Debate in Torontoâ⬠, the Toronto Police denied the Toronto Starââ¬â¢s accusation and called its analysis ââ¬Å"junk scienceâ⬠(Wortley Tanner, page 367; 2003). As a result, Chief Fantino hired Edward Harvey, the University of Toronto Sociology professor to conduct a research on the Statââ¬â¢s data. Harvey concluded that Toronto Starââ¬â¢s statement is invalid as there is no evidence of racial profiling being practice by the Toronto Police. However, the authors, Scot Wortley and Julian Tanner, argue that Harveyââ¬â¢s conclusion to disprove the Starââ¬â¢s allegation of racial bias is invalid. The author indicates that the method used by Harvey to re-analyze the Starââ¬â¢s data was inaccurate and there was a problem in interpretation of the data. For instance, the authors indicate ââ¬Å"the fact that Harvey only focuses on police division with a greater than 6% black population completely distorts his analysisâ⬠(Wortley Tanner, 377; 2003). Therefore, the authors conclude that racial profiling is an unsolved issue and that a more thorough investigation is needed in order to create an accurate conclusion of the existence of racial profiling in the criminal justice system of Canada. The articles by Scot Wortley and Akwasi Owusu-Bempah, and Scot Wortley and Julian Tanner, both validate the argument that individuals in Canada are facing inequality as they portray the presence of racial profiling in Toronto. Wortley and Tanner state that Harveyââ¬â¢s conclusion to deny the accusation by the Toronto Star is invalid; however, this was not based on empirical statistic and the authors recommend a deeper research on the issue. But in the later years, Wortley and Owusu-Bempah performed a qualitative data analysis through a survey, and the results illustrate that black individuals are more vulnerable to police stop and search, supporting Wortley and Tannerââ¬â¢s argument. With this, it could be stated that there is discrimination occurring in the Canadian society. Racism is a combination of prejudice, ethnocentrism, stereotyping and discrimination. In the case of racial profiling, the minorities, individuals who are disadvantaged and have less rights in the society, experience prejudice and stereotyping. Stereotyping is the exaggerated belief of the appearance and behaviours of certain groups whereas prejudice is the act of negativity towards other individuals based on stereotypes. Black males are more vulnerable to be stop and search by the police than white males due to the stereotype associated with black males as criminals. In comparison, in the event of racism at a workplace, the minority encounters discrimination, the unfair treatments on which have negative impact to the subordinate group. Before the Second World War, Chinese individuals were discriminated by Canadians which resulted economic disparity. However, both forms of racism involve ethnocentrism, the belief that one culture is more superior to others. Sociologists use theoretical perspectives to help interpret reality in a distinct way. Symbolic interactionist examines racism in the micro level contacts of individuals of different race. According to the Symbolic interactionist, the contact between individuals of opposing race known as the contact hypothesis, may lead to positive attitudes when particular factors are present. Members of each group must have equal status, share goals, cooperation and positive feedback; however, if one of the members of a particular group does not confirm to this condition, hostility can occur. For instance, in racial profiling, when a police, usually a white individual, stops a black male, there is feeling of hostility invoke in the situation as the condition mentioned above is not attained. In the Canadian society, although the Constitution Act of 1982 indicates that every individual should be treated equally regardless of their race; different races are seen not to have equal status. There is still a tendency of seeing white individuals of having a higher status than other races. As a result, individuals treat each other as stereotype not as individuals. In contrast, conflict theory focuses on the power and economic disparity between the majority and minority groups to examine racism. Conflict theory uses ââ¬Å"The Split Labour Market Theoryâ⬠to explain racism in labour market. Split labour is the segregation of the economy into a primary sector, made up of higher-paid dominant group, and secondary sector, made up of lower-paid subordinate group who works in a hazardous environment. According to this theory, the dominant group uses racism to protect their position as they feel threatened by the subordinate group who are hired to reduce labor cost. This is evident as Canadians discriminated Chinese workers to keep their superiority in the labour market by paying Chinese workers with lower wages and not providing a safe working condition. With this in consideration, the Symbolic interactionist provides the best explanation of racism. Symbolic interactionist offers a perspective on which could be applied in general situation of racism whereas the conflict theory revolves around economic and power differences. For example, the Symbolic interactionist can be applied to the racism that occurs at school; however, conflict theory is not suitable to evaluate this form of racism. For instance, it is less likely for students to have economic and power disparity but there is a possibility that students of different race will not have equal status, share goals, and cooperate, which does not satisfy the condition stated above. As a result, students see each other as stereotype rather than a distinct entity. To summarize, equality in the Canadian society is an illusion that the Canadian Constitution Act of 1982 portrays as various forms of racism are displayed throughout the society. This is evident as several sociologists indicate their perspective about equality in Canada. In the situation of racism at the workplace, the authors, Gillian Crease and Tania Das Gupta, both confirm the occurrence of racism at the workplace as Chinese workers and black nurses were discriminated through lower pay and force resignation. Furthermore, the authors, Scot Wortley, Akwasi Owusu-Bempah, and Julian Tanner verify the engagement of Toronto Police to racial profiling. This is confirmed through the results of the qualitative data analysis and the disagreement with Edward Harveyââ¬â¢s conclusion, who denied Toronto Policeââ¬â¢s participation in racial profiling. Therefore, these authors validate the practice of inequality in Canada. In the case of theoretical perspective, the Symbolic interactionist conveys racism through the personal contact of different races whereas the Conflict theory explains racism through the difference in economic and power. With that being said, the Symbolic interactionist offers the most suitable theoretical framework as it can be used to analyze different types of racism. This research is significant as it illustrates the misconception that individuals have about the topic of equality in Canada. The analysis of this research provides an explanation of the existence of racism in the Canadian society. For further research on this topic, quantitative data should be analyzed as this will allow for a more concrete conclusion of the topic. Thus, the study of equality from the sociological perspective is crucial in order to determine the factors that cause inequality in the society and to prevent it from occurring.
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